Oxygen Mask Types and Uses

What is Oxygen Mask?

An oxygen mask is a medical device used to deliver supplemental oxygen from a storage source like a cylinder or concentrator directly to a patient’s lungs. It fits securely over the nose and mouth and is held in place by elastic straps around the head. Its primary function is to help patients with respiratory difficulties receive the required concentration of oxygen to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the body.

Types of Oxygen Masks

There are different types of oxygen masks and they come in different styles, each designed to meet specific oxygen needs based on the patient’s health condition and treatment setting.

Nasal Cannula

A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube with two small prongs that fit into the nostrils. People who need low-flow oxygen therapy, especially those with chronic respiratory conditions like COPD or patients receiving long-term oxygen at home. Flow rate of 1–6 litres per minute (LPM), delivering 24–40% oxygen. Comfortable to wear, easy to talk and eat with, and less noticeable than other masks.

Simple Face Mask

This basic mask covers the nose and mouth and is secured with an elastic strap.

It is Ideal for short-term oxygen support in hospitals when higher oxygen levels are needed than what a nasal cannula can provide. Flow rate is 6–10 LPM, offering 40–60% oxygen. Easy to use and delivers higher oxygen concentration than a cannula.

Venturi Mask

Known for its precision, the Venturi mask uses a special valve that mixes oxygen with room air to deliver an exact concentration.

It is Ideal for patients who require a steady and controlled oxygen level, particularly those with COPD to avoid suppressing their breathing. Flow rate is 4–12 LPM, delivering 24–60% oxygen depending on the setting.Reliable oxygen delivery, even when a patient’s breathing pattern varies.

Non-Rebreather Mask

This mask comes with a reservoir bag and one-way valves that prevent exhaled air from mixing with the oxygen supply.

Ideal for emergency or critical care situations where the patient needs the highest possible oxygen concentration without intubation. Flow rate is 10–15 LPM, delivering up to 100% oxygen.Delivers near-pure oxygen ideal for severe hypoxia or trauma cases.

Partial Rebreather Mask

Similar to the non-rebreather mask but without one-way valves, this allows a portion of exhaled air to mix with oxygen in the reservoir bag. Ideal for patients needing high oxygen concentration without full oxygen replacement. Flow rate is 8–15 LPM, providing 50–70% oxygen.Helps conserve oxygen while still delivering a high concentration.

Oxy Mask

An advanced, open-design mask that delivers a wide oxygen range 24% to 90+% at 1–15+ LPM.It is ideal for emergency, post-op, and chronic care. They are comfortable, allows talking/eating, and suits varying oxygen needs all with one mask.

Uses and Applications of Oxygen Masks

1. In hospitals oxygen mask uses are majorly during surgeries, recovery, and general patient care to maintain adequate oxygen levels.
2. In Emergencies oxygen mask uses is to provide rapid oxygen delivery to stabilize patients experiencing trauma, shock, or respiratory distress.
3. Support long-term oxygen therapy for chronic conditions like COPD or sleep apnea.
4. Help manage symptoms by improving oxygen intake in conditions like asthma, pneumonia, or bronchitis.
5. Deliver high-flow, concentrated oxygen to patients in ICUs or during life-threatening respiratory failure.

How to Use an Oxygen Mask Properly

1. Check the oxygen source whether it's a tank or concentrator, make sure it’s working properly and the flow rate matches the doctor’s prescription.
2. Connect the mask attach it to the oxygen source and ensure the reservoir bag is fully inflated before placing it on the patient.
3. Fit the mask gently place it over the nose and mouth, adjusting the elastic strap so it’s secure but comfortable.
4. Keep an eye on the patient watch for any signs of discomfort and make sure the mask stays in place while allowing easy breathing.
5. Clean regularly follow cleaning instructions to avoid infection and keep the mask working well.

Oxygen Concentration for Simple Oxygen Mask

A simple oxygen mask typically delivers 40–60% oxygen, making it ideal for patients who need more than what a nasal cannula can offer. It’s commonly used in hospitals for short-term support, especially during recovery or mild respiratory distress. The design ensures a safe and steady oxygen supply while still allowing the patient to breathe comfortably.

Cleaning and Maintenance of Oxygen Masks

There are basic steps on how to clean oxygen mask that an individual should follow:

1. Gently wash the oxygen mask cushion or nasal pillows with warm water and mild dish soap. Avoid harsh cleaners.
2. Once a week, soak the mask parts in a mix of 1 part white vinegar to 3 parts water for 30 minutes. Rinse thoroughly with clean water.
3. If you have a cold or respiratory infection, disinfect the mask daily to prevent spreading germs.
4. It's best to replace the entire mask every 3 to 6 months to ensure hygiene and proper function.

Difference Between Nasal Cannula and Oxygen Mask

Nasal cannulas have become the go-to choice for oxygen therapy today because they're simple, comfortable, and low-risk. That said, both nasal cannulas and oxygen masks are safe and effective ways to deliver oxygen. The decision often comes down to the patient’s comfort and how much oxygen they need.

Factors to Consider When Choosing an Oxygen Mask

When choosing an oxygen mask, it’s important to think about the patient’s comfort, the amount of oxygen needed, and the setting where it will be used.

1. Always consult a doctor or respiratory therapist to understand which mask is best suited to the condition.
2. For home use, a nasal cannula or simple mask may be ideal. In emergencies or critical care, a non-rebreather mask might be required.
3. A well-fitting mask not only feels better but also prevents oxygen leaks and makes therapy more effective.